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Union of Lublin

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Date:
01.07.1569

Union of Lublin, (1569), pact between Poland and Lithuania that united the two countries into a single state.

After 1385 (in the Union of Krewo) the two countries had been under the same sovereign. But Sigismund II Augustus had no heirs; and the Poles, fearing that when he died the personal union between Poland and Lithuania would be broken, urged that a more complete union be formed. After the Livonian War began (1558) and Muscovy presented a serious threat to Lithuania, many of the Lithuanian gentry also desired a closer union with Poland and in 1562 made a proposal for merging the two states.

POLISH LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH

The dominant Lithuanian magnates, however, feared that a merger would diminish their power and blocked the proposal as well as subsequent initiatives. When representatives from both countries at a meeting of the Sejm (legislature) at Lublin (January 1569) failed to reach an accord, Sigismund II annexed the Lithuanian provinces of Podlasie and Volhynia(including the regions of Kiev and Bracław), which together constituted over one-third of Lithuania’s territory.

Although the Lithuanian magnates wanted to oppose Poland, the gentry declined to enter a new war, forcing negotiations for forming a union to be resumed in June.

On July 1, 1569, the Union of Lublin was concluded, uniting Poland and Lithuania into a single, federated state, which was to be ruled by a single, jointly selected sovereign. Formally, Poland and Lithuania were to be distinct, equal components of the federation, each retaining its own army, treasury, civil administration, and laws; the two nations agreed to cooperate with each other on foreign policy and to participate in a joint Diet. But Poland, which retained possession of the Lithuanian lands it had seized, had greater representation in the Diet and became the dominant partner. The Polish–Lithuanian state remained a major political entity until it was partitioned toward the end of the 18th century.

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Map

Sources: wikipedia.org, news.lv

    Persons

    Name Born / Since / At Died Languages
    1Jan  KiszkaJan Kiszka00.00.155200.00.1592en, lt, pl, ru, ua
    2Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" RadziwiłłMikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł02.08.154928.02.1616de, en, fr, lt, pl, ru
    3Mikołaj SapiehaMikołaj Sapieha00.00.154501.11.1599pl, ru, ua
    4Jan KościeleckiJan Kościelecki00.00.154402.04.1600pl, ru
    5Ipatii PotiiIpatii Potii12.08.154118.07.1613en, lt, pl, ru, ua
    6Magnuss Kurzemes bīskapsMagnuss Kurzemes bīskaps26.08.154018.03.1583lv
    7Jan Hieronimowicz ChodkiewiczJan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz00.00.153700.00.1579en, lv, pl, ru
    8Roman SanguszkoRoman Sanguszko00.00.153712.05.1571de, pl, ru, ua
    9Albert ŁaskiAlbert Łaski00.00.153623.11.1605en, pl, ru, ua
    10Stephan BathoryStephan Bathory27.09.153312.12.1586de, ee, lt, lv, pl, ru, ua
    11Mikołaj FirlejMikołaj Firlej00.00.153105.09.1588pl, ru, ua
    12Ivan the  TerribleIvan the Terrible25.08.153028.03.1584en, lv, ru
    13Mikołaj LigęzaMikołaj Ligęza00.00.153000.00.1603pl
    14Stanisław BarziStanisław Barzi00.00.152909.11.1571pl, ua
    15Jan KostkaJan Kostka00.00.152931.05.1581en, pl, ua
    16Jan TarłoJan Tarło00.00.152700.00.1587en, pl, ru
    17Konstanty Wasyl OstrogskiKonstanty Wasyl Ostrogski02.02.152613.02.1608en, pl, ru, ua
    18Rafał LeszczyńskiRafał Leszczyński00.00.152600.00.1592en, pl, ru
    19Adam KonarskiAdam Konarski00.00.152602.12.1574pl, ru
    20Franciszek KrasińskiFranciszek Krasiński10.04.152516.03.1577pl, ru
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