Carlo Ponti

Carlo Ponti (11 December 1912 – 10 January 2007) was an Italian film producer with over 140 production credits, and the husband of Italian movie star Sophia Loren.

Career

Ponti was born in Magenta, Lombardy and studied law at the University of Milan. He joined his father's law firm in Milan and became involved in the film business through negotiating contracts. Ponti attempted to establish a film industry in Milan in 1940 and produced Mario Soldati's Piccolo Mondo Antico there, starring Alida Valli, in her first notable role. The film dealt with the Italian struggle against the Austrians for the inclusion of northeastern Italy into the Kingdom of Italy during the Risorgimento. The film was successful, because it was easy to see "the Austrians as Germans" during World War II. As a result, he was briefly jailed for undermining relations with Nazi Germany.

Ponti accepted an offer from Lux Film in Rome in 1941, where he produced a series of commercially successful films featuring the comedian Totò. In 1954 he had his greatest artistic success with the production of Federico Fellini's La strada. However, Fellini denied Ponti's role in its success and said that "La Strada was made in spite of Ponti and De Laurentiis". He produced Visconti's Boccaccio '70 in 1962, Marriage Italian Style in 1964, and Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow in 1965. He produced his most popular and financially successful film, David Lean's Doctor Zhivago in 1965. He subsequently produced three notable films with Michelangelo Antonioni, Blowup in 1966, Zabriskie Point in 1970 and The Passenger in 1974.

Personal life

In 1946 he married Giuliana Fiastri. Around 1950, Ponti, while serving as a judge in a beauty contest, met a minor actress named Sofia Lazzaro. He subsequently cast her in films such as Anna (1951). In 1952 his friend, Goffredo Lombardo, head of production at Titanus, changed Lazzaro's name to Sophia Loren. In 1957, Ponti obtained a Mexican divorce from his first wife and married Sophia Loren by proxy. Divorce was still forbidden in Italy and he was informed that he would be charged with bigamy if he returned to Italy and Loren would be charged with "concubinage". Ponti co-produced several films in Hollywood starring Loren, establishing her fame, although most were box-office failures. In 1960 Ponti and Loren returned to Italy and when summoned to court, denied being married. Later, they had the marriage annulled in 1962, after which he arranged with his first wife, Giuliana, that the three of them move to France (which at that time allowed divorce) and become French citizens. In 1965 Giuliana Ponti divorced her husband, allowing Ponti to marry Loren in 1966 in a civil wedding in Sèvres. They later became French citizens after their application was approved by then French President Georges Pompidou.

Two unsuccessful attempts were made to kidnap Ponti in 1975, including one involving an attack on his car with gunfire.

Ponti was tried in absentia in 1979 for smuggling money and works of art abroad and fined 22 billion lire and sentenced to four years in prison. He did not attend the hearing, as his French nationality made him immune from extradition. He was finally cleared of the charges in 1990.

Art collection

Ponti owned works by, among others, Picasso, Georges Braque, Renoir, René Magritte (including his Lumière du pole from 1927), Salvador Dalí, Henry Moore (including his Figure from 1933), Barbara Hepworth, Giorgio de Chirico and Canaletto. Most importantly, it was the works of Francis Bacon for which his collection was renowned because he had ten of them. They included examples from his early Van Gogh series, triptychs, self-portraits and pope paintings, which were rarely publicised or lent to public exhibitions. In 1977, the Bacon paintings, then valued at an estimated $6.7 million, were seized and turned over by the Italian government to the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan; thirty-three sketches by George Grosz went to a museum in Caserta. When Ponti reached a deal with the Italian government and was cleared of the charges brought against him in 1990, he regained possession of 230 confiscated paintings. At some point, the collection is said to have been split between Ponti and Loren.

Over the years, several works have been sold privately. In 2006, two Bacon paintings that had previously been in the Ponti collection were exhibited in an exhibition at the Gagosian Gallery in London. One, a vertical composition of four self-portraits, had already been sold to the American collector Steven A. Cohen. In 2007, another pope painting by Bacon sold by Ponti in 1991, was sold in a private deal brokered by Acquavella Galleries in New York for more than £15 million. That same year, Study for Portrait II (1956) was consigned by Loren at Christie's; it was auctioned for the record price of £14.2 million ($27.5 million).

Death

Ponti died in Geneva, Switzerland, from pulmonary complications on 10 January 2007. He was survived by his wife, Sophia Loren, his sons Carlo (now an orchestral conductor), film producer Alessandro; film director and former child actor Edoardo Ponti; and lawyer daughter Guendalina.

His body rests in the family tomb in Magenta, Lombardy.

Filmography

• Piccolo mondo antico (1940)
• A Yank in Rome (1946)
• Hey Boy (1948)
• Campane a martello (1949)
• The White Line (1950)
• A Dog's Life (1950)
• Toto the Third Man (1951)
• Il padrone del vapore (1951)
• Europa '51 (1952)
• Easy Years (1953)
• Le infedeli (1953)
• Carosello napoletano (1954)
• La strada (1954)
• Mambo (1954)
• Un americano a Roma (1954)
• L'oro di Napoli (1954)
• Attila (1954)
• The Miller's Beautiful Wife (1955)
• War and Peace (1956)
• Il ferroviere (1956)
• Guendalina (1957)
• The Black Orchid (1958)
• That Kind of Woman (1959)
• Heller in Pink Tights (1960)
• A Breath of Scandal (1960)
• Two Women (1960)
• Lola (1961)
• A Woman Is a Woman (1961)
• Léon Morin, prêtre (1961)
• Cléo from 5 to 7 (1962)
• Boccaccio '70 (1962)

• Le Doulos (1962)
• L'isola di Arturo (1962)
• Redhead (1962)
• The Empty Canvas (1963)
• Landru (1963)
• Les Carabiniers (1963)
• Contempt (1963)
• Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1963)
• Marriage Italian Style (1964)
• Break Up (1965)
• Operation Crossbow (1965)
• The 10th Victim (1965)
• Doctor Zhivago (1965)
• Closely Watched Trains (1965, uncredited)
• Blowup (1966)
• The Firemen's Ball (1967, uncredited)
• Smashing Time (1967, uncredited)
• La Ragazza e il Generale (1967)
• Ghosts - Italian Style (1968)
• Diamonds for Breakfast (1968)
• Zabriskie Point (1970)
• The Priest's Wife (1971)
• What? (1972)
• Dirty Weekend (1973)
• Flesh for Frankenstein (1973)
• The Voyage (1974)
• The Passenger (1974)
• Sex Pot (1975)
• L'infermiera (1975)
• Brutti, sporchi e cattivi (1976)
• The Cassandra Crossing (1976)
• A Special Day (1977)