Rosalia Zemlyachka

Rozalia Samuilovna Zalkind known under nicknames Devil (for personal participation in mass executions) and Zemlyachka was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician and statesman. She was the 1st woman recieved Order of the Red Banner in USSR.

Born in the wealthy family of merchant of the 1st Guild, she got an excellent education in Kiyv and later in University of Lyon, medical faculty.

From age of 17 was involved in revolutionary activities and never worked any paid job untill October Revolution.

She is best known for her involvement in the organization of the First Russian revolution, and as a member of "troika"- Crimean Revolutionary Commitee of Communist Party.  She, along with Bela Kun, was one of the organizers of the Red Terror in the Crimea in 1920-1921, against former soldiers of the White Army.

Under her direct command were executed more than 120,000 (!) soldiers and officeers. She was personally involved in executions.

From memories of Sergey Melgunov, who was in Crimea that time:

"executions lasted several months, and machine guns ceased fire only in the mornings... Only in the 1st night 1800 people were execudet in Simpferopol, 420- in Feodosya, 1300- in Kerch..."