Mojtaba Hosseini Khamenei

Mojtaba Hosseini Khamenei is an Iranian politician and Muslim cleric.

The second eldest child of Ali Khamenei, the former supreme leader of Iran, Mojtaba Khamenei served in the Iran–Iraq War from 1987 to 1988, and also reportedly took control of the Basij that was used to suppress the protests over the 2009 election.

He was seen as the most influential son of Khamenei and as a possible successor to his father as supreme leader.

On 4 November 2019, the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctioned Mojtaba as part of their policy targeting individuals linked to Ali Khamenei, stating they were involved in repression inside and outside Iran.

Early life and education

Mojtaba was born in Mashhad in 1969 and is the second son of Ali Khamenei, the supreme leader of Iran. He spent seven years of his childhood in the cities of Sardasht and Mahabad in northwest Iran, where he received his early education. After graduating from high school, he studied Islamic theology. His early teachers included his own father and Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi.

During the Iran-Iraq war Mojtaba is said to have served in the Habib Battalion, serving alongside many who would rise to powerful positions in Iran's security and intelligence institutions, including the leading ranks of the IRGC.

 It is widely believed that these early relationships have facilitated his strong and lasting connections within the security establishment of the Islamic Republic, allowing him to shape election outcomes and coordinate crackdowns on protests against regime policy.

In 1999, he continued his studies in Qom to become a cleric. Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi, Ayatollah Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani and Mohammad Bagher Kharazi were his teachers there.

According to The Guardian and French newspaper Libération, among other sources, Mojtaba Khamenei is widely believed to control large financial assets. This allegation was rejected by Assembly of the Forces of Imam's Line, an Iranian political group led by his uncle Hadi Khamenei.

Personal life

Mojtaba teaches theology in the Qom Seminary.

Mojtaba Khamenei married Zahra Haddad-Adel in 2004.

Their first child was born in 2007.

According to the Iranian government in 2026, a son, his wife, his father, and his mother were killed in US-Israeli strikes.

Controversies

Support for Ahmadinejad

Khamenei was affiliated with Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, and supported Ahmadinejad in the 2005 and 2009 controversial presidential elections.

Journalists stated that he may "have played a leading role in orchestrating" Ahmadinejad's electoral victory in 2009.

Khamenei was speculated to have been "a key figure in orchestrating the crackdown against anti-government protesters" in June 2009.[25] He was believed to have been directly in charge of the paramilitary Basij, a blackout of his name in the regime press notwithstanding.

In an open letter, Mehdi Karroubi, a reformist candidate in the 2009 election, accused Mojtaba Khamenei of conspiring to rig the election in Ahmadinejad's favor, referring to illegal interference of "a network".

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad later accused Mojtaba Khamenei of embezzling from the state treasury.

Wealth and alleged overseas real estate network

Mojtaba Khamenei is widely believed to control significant financial assets in banks such as Bank Ayandeh.

A year-long investigation by Bloomberg, citing assessments from people familiar with the matter, reported in January 2026 that Khamenei is linked to an offshore financial network used to hold and move assets outside Iran. The reported holdings include high-value real estate in London and Dubai, as well as interests connected to shipping, banking relationships, and hospitality assets in Europe. According to the investigation, the assets were generally not held in Khamenei’s name but structured through intermediaries and layered corporate entities across multiple jurisdictions. Some of these assets have since been sold or restructured amid increased scrutiny.

Bloomberg identified Ali Ansari, an Iranian businessman sanctioned by the United Kingdom, as a central alleged facilitator in the network. Property records and corporate filings reportedly link Ansari and associated companies to several London properties, including residences on The Bishops Avenue, and to hotel ownership and management entities in Germany and other countries. Ansari has denied any financial or personal relationship with Mojtaba Khamenei and has stated that he intends to challenge the UK sanctions.

The investigations further alleged that funds linked to the network largely originated from Iranian oil revenues and were routed through financial institutions in multiple jurisdictions, despite international sanctions imposed on Mojtaba Khamenei in 2019.

On 14 January 2026, during the 2025–2026 Iranian protests, U.S. Treasury Department Secretary Scott Bessent announced that "millions and tens of millions" of dollars have been wired by Iran's leaders to financial institutions worldwide, and Israel's Channel 14 reported that $1.5 billion in cryptocurrency had been sent to an account in Dubai with the involvement of Khamenei (who alone sent approximately $328 million).

Sanctions

In 2019, Mojtaba Khamenei was placed under US sanctions for acting in place of the Supreme Leader without ever being elected or appointed to any official position and for working closely with the commander of the Quds Force, responsible for "covert operations including lethal aid, intelligence, financing, and training" of the Taliban, Hezbollah, Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Popular Mobilization Forces Iraq and others; and for fostering close ties with the Basij paramilitary group as well as advancing "his father’s destabilizing regional ambitions and oppressive domestic objectives."

Candidacy for Supreme Leadership

Several analysts considered Mojtaba as a possible successor to his father.

This was thought by some to present a problem, for the Supreme Leader needs to be elected by the Assembly of Experts from among senior Shia Islamic scholars, but it has been noted that the inaugural Supreme Leader, Ruhollah Khomeini, exerted a strong influence in favour of the choice of Khamenei's father, and unconfirmed reports state that Ali Khamenei had opposed nominating his son as successor.

The Los Angeles Times reported in 2009 that Mojtaba's religious and political stature may not have been enough for Ali Khamenei to have ultimately named his son as his successor and the Assembly of Experts is considered by The Atlantic to be a ceremonial body without any real power.

Inadequate religious credentials

The Iranian constitution dictates the adherance to Khomeini's interpretation of the principle of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist (velayat-e faqih).

According to this interpretation, the Supreme Leader must be a Mujtahed, capable of interpreting Sharia law, and have attained the highest level of Shia clergy.

As a Source of Emulation (marja e-taghlid) he is required to hold the rank of Grand Ayatollah or Imam, stand at the helm of a religious seminary (Hawza) and issue decrees on the practice of Sharia law are which are observed by followers and clergy of lower rank.[35] Mojtaba is neither an Ayatollah, nor a Mujtahed, and he lacks the executive and administrative experience required by the constitution of the Islamic Republic.

The Guardian argues that "The strength of Mojtaba's following has not been demonstrated", and while he wears clerical robes he "by no means has the theological status" to rise to Supreme Leader.

Opposition to dynastic succession

During the presidency of Ebrahim Raisi, Mojtaba was one of the clerics speculated as a possible successor as supreme leader.

 However, he was considered unlikely to succeed his father.

 The Middle East Institute opined that Khamenei appointing his own son as successor would cause conflict within the Iranian political and religious leadership, as it would be a sign that the revolutionary Islamic system of government had evolved to dynastic rule.

 Shia theological principles prohibit such a succession, and both Mojtaba and previous Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei have voiced their opposition to it.

Early March 2026

On 3 March 2026, Iran International reported a rumour that Mojtaba had become the Supreme Leader following his father's assassination during the Iran war.

 The following day Iran International reported a statement by Ahmad Khatami that the election for the Supreme Leader would be made "at the earliest opportunity"