Giulietta Masina

Giulietta Masina (22 February 1921 – 23 March 1994) was an Italian film and stage actress. She starred in La Strada and Nights of Cabiria, both winners of the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, in 1956 and 1957, respectively. Masina won the Best Actressaward at the 1957 Cannes Film Festival for the later film.

She was the wife and muse of the Italian film director Federico Fellini, in whom she found an artistic equal and collaborator. Owing to her intense performances of naïve characters dealing with cruel circumstances, Masina is often called the "female Chaplin".

Early life

Giulia Anna Masina was born in San Giorgio di Piano, Bologna. Her parents were Gaetano Masina, a violinist and a music teacher, and Anna Flavia Pasqualini, a schoolteacher. Nonetheless, she spent most of her childhood and adolescence in Rome at the home of a widowed aunt. Masina had three elder siblings: Eugenia, and twins Mario and Maria. She attended the Ursuline sisters' school where she took lessons in voice, piano and dance but not acting, although she did perform on stage. She graduated in Literature from the Sapienza

Career

Masina turned to acting at university, particularly after 1941. She participated in numerous plays that included singing and dancing as well as acting, all in the Ateneo Theater of her university. In 1942, she joined the Compagnia del Teatro Comico Musicale and played various roles on stage. She was cast by Fellini, who picked her after seeing her photographs, in the radio plays he was writing at the time.[citation needed]

By 1943, Masina was gaining notice as a radio actress working beside some popular figures of those years. Her first job was Terziglio, a radio serial written by Fellini. It was about a young married couple and Masina played 'Pallina', the wife. Masina and Fellini fell in love. On 30 October 1943, they wed. Despite distancing herself from live theater, Masina did return to the university stage for some time acting with Marcello Mastroianni. Her last stage appearance was in 1951.

Working together with her husband, Masina made the transition to on-screen acting.[5] Half of her Italian films, the most successful ones, were either written or directed by her husband. Masina made her film debut in an uncredited role in Rossellini's Paisà (1946), credit for the script being given to Fellini. She received her first screen credit in Lattuada's Without Pity(1948), which was another adaptation by Fellini and played opposite John Kitzmiller.

In 1954, she starred with Anthony Quinn in Fellini's La Strada, playing the abused stooge of Quinn's travelling circus strongman. In 1957, she won the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival for her portrayal of the title role in Fellini's Nights of Cabiria. She played a prostitute who endures life's tragedies and disappointments with both innocence and resilience. In 1960, Masina's career was damaged by the critical and box office failure of The High Life. Subsequently, she became dedicated almost entirely to her personal life and marriage. Nonetheless, she again worked with Fellini in Juliet of the Spirits (1965), which earned both the New York Film Critics award (1965) and the Golden Globe award (1966) for Best Foreign Language Film.

In 1969, Masina did her first work in English in The Madwoman of Chaillot which starred Katharine Hepburn. After almost two decades, during which she worked sporadically only in television, Masina appeared in Fellini's Ginger and Fred (1986). She then rejected outside offers in order to attend to her husband's precarious health. Her last film was Bertucelli's A Day to Remember (1991).[citation needed]

In the late 1960s, Masina hosted a popular radio show, Lettere aperte, in which she addressed correspondence from her listeners. The letters were eventually published in a book. From the 1970s on, she appeared on television. Two performances, in Eleonora (1973) and Camilla (1976), respectively, were particularly acclaimed.

Personal life

Several months after her marriage to Fellini, in 1943, Masina suffered a miscarriage after falling down a flight of stairs. She became pregnant again; Pierfederico (nicknamed Federichino) was born on 22 March 1945, but died just a month later on 24 April owing to respiratory insufficiency. Masina and Fellini did not have another child.

Masina died from lung cancer on 23 March 1994 at age 73, five months after her husband's death on 31 October 1993. For her funeral, she requested that trumpeter Mauro Maur play "La Strada" by Nino Rota. She and her husband are buried together at Rimini cemetery in a tomb marked by a prow-shaped monument, the work of sculptor Arnaldo Pomodoro.

Awards

• Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists: 4 Silver Ribbon awards.
  • Best Actress: Nights of Cabiria (1957), Ginger and Fred (1986)
  • Best Supporting Actress: Without Pity (1948), Variety Lights (1950)
• She was twice nominated for a BAFTA Film Award for Best Foreign Actress.
• David di Donatello: 2 David awards
  • David di Donatello for Best Actress award, by Juliet of the Spirits (1965)
  • Honorary award (1986).
• Cannes Film Festival Best actress award, by Nights of Cabiria (1957).
• San Sebastián film festival Best actress award, by Nights of Cabiria (1957). 

Filmography

• Paisà (1946, debut, uncredited)
• Without Pity (1948)
• Behind Closed Shutters (1950)
• Variety Lights (1950)
• Cameriera bella presenza offresi... (1951)
• The Shameless Sex (1952)
• The White Sheik (1952)
• Europa '51 (1952)
• La Strada (1954)
• Il bidone (The Swindlers, 1955)
• Nights of Cabiria (1957)
• Fortunella (1958)
• Nella città l'inferno (1959)
• The High Life (1960)
• Juliet of the Spirits (1965)
• The Madwoman of Chaillot (1969)
• The Feather Fairy (1985)
• Ginger and Fred (1986)
• A Day to Remember (1991)