Stefan Dąb-Biernacki
- Дата народження:
- 07.01.1890
- Дата смерті:
- 09.02.1959
- Додаткові імена:
- Stefan Dąb-Biernacki
- Категорії:
- Военный орден Лачплесиса, Легіонер, Полководець, Учасник Другої світової війни, Учасник Першої світової війни
- Громадянство:
- поляк
- Кладовище:
- London, Brompton Cemetery
Stefan Dąb-Biernacki (7 January 1890, Gnojno - 9 February 1959, London) was a Polish general.
Early career
Members of the Polish Legions in World War I, fought in the Polish-Soviet War commanding regiments and later 1DPLeg. Has distinguished himself during the retreat from Ukraine, and battles in 1920 on Vistula and Niemen, receiving Virtuti Militari medal, but was also criticized by some for overly risky strategies resulting in heavy casualties.
Commander of 1DPLeg until 1926, worked with GISZ until 1930, later an inspector of the army. In 1931 he caused controversy by ordering one of his political opponents, journalist Stanisław Cywiński, assaulted and demanded his imprisonment in Detention Camp Bereza Kartuska.
World War II
In Polish Defensive War of 1939 commander of Army Prusy and later of the Northern Front. After the defeat at battle of Tomaszów Lubelski managed to evacuate to France through Hungary. Criticized for his actions; particularly abandoning his units during retreat beyond Vistula; in 1940 he was forced to retire. Spent the rest of his life in London. Some historians do believe that the "abandonment" version of his resigntion is false; by ordering a lower—ranking general, General Skwarczynski, to sign the surrender, he allowed for the officers and enlisted men from units not under General Przedrzymirski's direct command to escape imprisonment, and possibly saved their lives.
Honours and awards
- Knight's Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari (previously awarded the Gold Cross and Silver Cross)
- Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta
- Cross of Independence
- Cross of Valour (four times)
- Gold Cross of Merit
- Chevalier of the Legion of Honour (France)
- Order of Lāčplēsis (Latvia)
- Order of the White Eagle (Serbia)
- Officer's badge "Parasol"
Джерело: wikipedia.org
немає місць
15.08.1920 | Battle of Warsaw
The Battle of Warsaw refers to the decisive Polish victory in 1920 at the apogee of the Polish–Soviet War. Poland, on the verge of total defeat, repulsed and defeated the invading Red Army. It was, and still is, celebrated as a great victory for the Polish people over Russia and communism. As Soviet forces invaded Poland in summer 1920, the Polish army retreated westward in disorder. The Polish forces seemed on the verge of disintegration and observers predicted a decisive Soviet victory. The battle of Warsaw was fought from August 12–25, 1920 as Red Army forces commanded by Mikhail Tukhachevsky approached the Polish capital of Warsaw and the nearby Modlin Fortress. On August 16, Polish forces commanded by Józef Piłsudski counterattacked from the south, disrupting the enemy's offensive, forcing the Russian forces into a disorganized withdrawal eastward and behind the Neman River. Estimated Russian losses were 10,000 killed, 500 missing, 30,000 wounded, and 66,000 taken prisoner, compared with Polish losses of some 4,500 killed, 10,000 missing, and 22,000 wounded. The defeat crippled the Red Army; Vladimir Lenin, the Bolshevik leader, called it "an enormous defeat" for his forces.[3] In the following months, several more Polish follow-up victories saved Poland's independence and led to a peace treaty with Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine later that year, securing the Polish state's eastern frontiers until 1939.
01.09.1939 | Invasion of Poland
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