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Yakov Dzhugashvili

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Birth Date:
18.03.1907
Death date:
14.04.1943
Extra names:
Jakow Dschugaschwili, Яков Иосифович Джугашвили, Яков Джугашвили, Jēkovs Josefičs Drugašvilli, Jakow Iossifowitsch Dschugaschwili, იაკობ ჯუღაშვილი, Yakov Dzhugashvili,
Categories:
WWII participant
Cemetery:
Oranienburg, Soviet military memorial

Yakov Iosifovich Dzhugashvili (Georgian: იაკობ ჯუღაშვილი, Iakob Dzhugashvili, Russian: Яков Иосифович Джугашвили) (18 March 1907 – 14 April 1943) was one of Joseph Stalin's three children (along with Svetlana Alliluyeva and Vasily Dzhugashvili). Yakov was the son of Stalin's first wife, Ekaterina Svanidze. He served in the Red Army during the Second World War, and was captured, or surrendered, in the initial stages of the German invasion of the USSR. While there has been dispute over the circumstances of his death, historians currently believe that he was killed in a German camp.

Early life

Yakov was born in the village of Borji (near Kutaisi) in Georgia, then part of Imperial Russia. Until the age of fourteen, Yakov was raised by his aunt in Tbilisi. In 1921, Yakov’s uncle Alexander Svanidze urged him to leave for Moscow to acquire a higher education. Yakov only spoke Georgian and after his arrival in Moscow he commenced with learning the Russian language, aiming to apply for University studies.

Yakov and his father Stalin never got along. Allegedly once Stalin referred to Yakov as a "mere cobbler." Later according to Yakov's stepmother Nadezhda Alliluyeva she saw a young girl running away from their Moscow dacha in tears. When she entered she saw a despairing Yakov looking near faint in the room. He ran immediately to his bedroom. It turned out that the girl was Yakov's Jewish fiancée, and when they told Stalin of their engagement he became enraged.[citation needed]

While Stalin and his wife were arguing about this a shot was heard from Yakov's room. Yakov had shot himself. While she tended to his wounds and sent for a doctor all his father said was, "He can't even shoot straight."

Marriage and family

Dzhugashvili married Yulia Meltzer, a well-known Jewish dancer from Odessa. After meeting Yulia at a reception, Yakov fought with her second husband, NKVD officer Nikolai Bessarab, and arranged her divorce. Bessarab was later arrested by the NKVD[citation needed] and executed[citation needed]. Yakov became her third husband and was survived by two children. His son, Yevgeni, gave many interviews about his grandfather. He also had a daughter, Galina, who died in 2007.

German propaganda 1941. "Do not shed your blood for Stalin! He has already fled to Samara! His own son has surrendered! If Stalin's son has saved himself, then you are not obliged to sacrifice yourself either!"

Second World War

Dzhugashvili served as an artillery officer in the Red Army and was captured on 16 July 1941 in the early stages of the German invasion of USSR at the Battle of Smolensk. The Germans later offered to exchange Yakov for Friedrich Paulus, the German Field Marshal captured by the Soviets after the Battle of Stalingrad, but Stalin turned the offer down, allegedly saying, "I will not trade a Marshal for a Lieutenant." According to some sources, there was another proposition as well, that Hitler wanted to exchange Yakov for his nephew Leo Raubal; this proposition was not accepted either.While Soviet propaganda always asserted that Dzuhgashvili was captured, Stalin’s daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva, wrote in her memoirs that her father believed his son deliberately surrendered to the Germans after being encouraged to do so by his wife. Stalin, she wrote, had Yulia imprisoned, tortured and interrogated as a result. In February 2013 Der Spiegel printed evidence pointing to surrender being the path to Yakov's capture.

Until recently, it was not clear when and how he died. According to the official German account, Dzhugashvili died by running into an electric fence in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, where he was being held. Some have contended that Yakov committed suicide at the camp, while others have suggested that he was murdered. Currently, declassified files show that Dzhugashvili was shot by a guard for refusing to obey orders. While Dzhugashvili was walking around the camp he was ordered back to the barracks under the threat of being shot. Dzhugashvili refused and shouted, "Shoot!" The guard shot him in the head.

After the war, British officers in charge of captured German archives came upon the papers depicting Dzhugashvili’s death at Sachsenhausen. The British Foreign Office considered briefly to present these papers to Stalin at the Potsdam Conference as a gesture of condolence. They scrapped the idea because neither the British nor the Americans had informed the Soviets about the fact that they had captured key German archives. Sharing those papers with Stalin would have prompted the Soviets to inquire about the source of these records.

 

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Source: wikipedia.org

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        Relation nameRelation typeBirth DateDeath dateDescription
        1
        Виссарион ДжугашвилиProgenitor
        2Joseph StalinJoseph StalinFather18.12.187805.03.1953
        3Nadezhda  AlliluyevaNadezhda AlliluyevaMother22.09.190109.11.1932
        4Ekaterina SvanidzeEkaterina SvanidzeMother02.04.188505.12.1907
        5Jevgēņijs DžugašviliJevgēņijs DžugašviliSon10.01.193622.12.2016
        6Галина ДжугашвилиГалина ДжугашвилиDaughter19.02.193827.08.2007
        7Vasily DzhugashviliVasily DzhugashviliBrother21.03.192119.03.1962
        8Константин  КузаковКонстантин КузаковBrother00.00.191100.00.1996
        9Artem SergeevArtem SergeevBrother05.03.192115.01.2008
        10Svetlana  AlliluyevaSvetlana AlliluyevaSister28.02.192622.11.2011
        11Alexander  SvanidzeAlexander SvanidzeUncle00.00.188620.08.1941
        12
        Михаил ДжугашвилиUncle00.00.187500.00.1875
        13
        Георгий ДжугашвилиUncle00.00.187600.00.1876
        14
        Евгения АллилуеваAunt
        15Anna RedensAnna RedensAunt00.00.189600.00.1964
        16Aleksandrs  BurdonskisAleksandrs BurdonskisNephew14.10.194124.05.2017
        17Василий  СталинВасилий СталинNephew30.09.194907.11.1972
        18Joseph  AlliluyevJoseph AlliluyevNephew22.05.194502.11.2008
        19Nadežda StaļinaNadežda StaļinaNiece00.00.194300.00.1999
        20Светлана СталинаСветлана СталинаNiece05.08.194716.01.1990
        21
        Елена СергееваSister in-law00.00.193000.00.2006
        22
        Amaya Ruiz IbarruriSister in-law00.00.1925
        23Галина БурдонскаяГалина БурдонскаяSister in-law19.07.192124.07.1990
        24Екатерина ТимошенкоЕкатерина ТимошенкоSister in-law21.12.192312.06.1988
        25William Wesley PetersWilliam Wesley PetersBrother in-law12.06.191217.07.1991
        26Yuri  ZhdanovYuri ZhdanovBrother in-law20.08.191919.12.2006
        27Ivan  SvanidzeIvan SvanidzeBrother in-law15.10.192703.08.1987
        28Григорий   МорозовГригорий МорозовBrother in-law00.00.192110.12.2001
        29Besarion  JughashviliBesarion JughashviliGrandfather00.00.185025.08.1909
        30Sergejs AllilujevsSergejs AllilujevsGrandfather07.10.186627.07.1945
        31Keke  GeladzeKeke GeladzeGrandmother00.00.185604.06.1937
        32
        Вано ДжугашвилиGreat grandfather00.00.182500.00.1898
        33Ivans JusisIvans JusisFamiliar00.00.189104.02.1931
        34Nikolai VlasikNikolai VlasikFamiliar22.05.189618.06.1967

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