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Džemma Skulme

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Birth Date:
20.09.1925
Death date:
09.11.2019
Burial date:
16.11.2019
Person's maiden name:
Džemma Lija Skulme
Categories:
Artist, Communist, Communist Party worker, Laureate of state prize, Member of Parliament, Nominee, Order of the Three Stars (Latvia), Painter, Politician, Public figure
Nationality:
 latvian
Cemetery:
Cimetière de la Forêt (Riga)

Džemma Lija Skulme (Latvian: Džemma Lija Skulme; 20 September 1925 – 9 November 2019) was a Latvian artist and modernist painter, politician. Džemma Skulme's personality played a paramount role in Latvian art development and social life of Latvia in the second half of the 20th century.

Biography

Džemma Skulme came from the Skulme family of artists. She was the daughter of Latvian painter Oto Skulme (1889-1967) and Latvia's first woman sculptor Marta Liepiņa - Skulme (1890–1962).[2] Oto, Marta, and Džemma's uncle Uga Skulme were members of the Riga Artists Group who determined the development of art in Latvia in the 1930s.

In 1949 Džemma Skulme graduated from the Art Academy of Latvia pictorial art department and the 1955 Repin Art Institute. From 1956 she was an Artists’ Union of Latvia member and was its chair from 1982-1992. In 1976 she was given the honorary title of People's Artist of the Latvian SSR. Since 1993 she was the president of Jaunrades Foundation. In 1992 she was elected honorary member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, and received an honorary doctor degree from the Art Academy of Latvia in 1998. In recognition of her work, the Latvian Art Higher Education Institutions Association honoured her with the degree Dr. honoris causa for her contribution to Latvian culture.

Art

Džemma Skulme worked in oil, acrylic and water-colours. Since 1970s she has developed the theme of caryatid, where she reveals the ethical and spiritual strength of a woman (The Women of Nica, 1968; Caryatid, 1979, and others). She has turned also to rifleman theme, Latvian ethnography and the principles of folk art. In the painting of the second half of 1960s her worldview became more dramatic and she has raised the expressiveness of her work by using large brush or even palette knife for colour application. In pieces like Marta in Mask (1973), Valentīns Skulme as Richard III (1974), and Dialogue (1975) the artist depicts with spontaneous ease dramatic or heroic images full of life and spirit. In the middle of 1950s she became recognised also for her book and magazine illustrations.

During 1960s artist turns to author technique - combination of acrylic and oil colour thus creating interesting textures. Her painting during this time has become more conceptual. During latest decades Džemma is using naive stylistics of children drawings to create vivid and painterly virtuoso artworks. She has worked as assistant decorator in Daile Theatre and Latvia Puppet Theatre (1945-1947).

The Latvian art historian Laima Slava is accentuating the line as the discovery of 1960s in Džemma Skulme's creative work: “At first it is smooth and constructive and defines the shape of a character, then it becomes lighter and more transparent.”

Selected works

  • Summer, 1959, Latvian National Museum of Art
  • Folk Song, 1969, Latvian National Museum of Art
  • Macedonia motif, 1974, Latvian National Museum of Art

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions

Džemma Skulme participates in solo exhibitions since 1949: Riga (1968, 1985, 1992, 1994, 1995), Moscow (1969, 1984), Geneva (Switzerland), Milan (Italy, 1971), Vilnius (1976), Kale (France), Fredrikstadt (Norway, 1994, 1995), Cesis (1996), Kiev (Ukraine, 1997), Family of Skulmes exhibition in West Berlin (1981), Pitsburg (USA, 1986), Bergamo (Italy, 1987), Riga (1998 – 1999).

Skulm's family exhibitions

Organized family exhibitions in West Berlin (1981); Pittsburgh (USA, 1986); Bergamo (Italy, 1987) and Riga (1998-1999).

Group exhibitions

Her works have been presented at the exhibitions in New York (1989), Munich, Bonn, Pitsburg (USA, ‘’Women Between Times: New Nations; New Art’’, 1993).

Works

Her works can be viewed at the Latvian National Museum of Art, Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University (USA), Tretyakov Gallery (Russia).

Her works are also in private collections of individuals, including the president of Russia and the Queen of Denmark.

Dedication to the artist

In 1986, a documentary film "Džemma" was devoted to the artist at the Riga Film Studio. Its director - Laima Žurgina.

Source: wikipedia.org, news.lv

Title From To Images Languages
Latvijas Zinātņu akadēmijaLatvijas Zinātņu akadēmijalv

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        Relation nameRelation typeBirth DateDeath dateDescription
        1Otto SkulmeOtto SkulmeFather08.08.188922.03.1967
        2Marta SkulmeMarta SkulmeMother13.05.189003.01.1962
        3Ojārs ĀbolsOjārs ĀbolsHusband25.07.192201.03.1983
        4Artūrs DimitersArtūrs DimitersHusband27.04.191501.11.1986
        5Haralds LūkinsHaralds LūkinsUncle05.06.190608.02.1991
        6Kārlis SkulmeKārlis SkulmeUncle00.00.188528.02.1928
        7Uga SkulmeUga SkulmeUncle20.05.189506.11.1963
        8
        Silvija ObovaAunt00.00.190300.00.1986
        9Marija KalniņaMarija KalniņaAunt27.07.188815.07.1984
        10
        Regīna JēkabsoneAunt00.00.190201.10.1980
        11
        Atis SkulmeNephew05.02.197221.06.2007
        12Gustavs  ĀbolsGustavs ĀbolsFather in-law00.00.1890
        13Berta Ede UžāneBerta Ede UžāneMother in-law07.04.188405.06.1973
        14Marta ĀbolaMarta ĀbolaMother in-law00.00.188922.01.1963
        15Edgars DimitersEdgars DimitersBrother in-law09.09.191823.03.2003
        16Valters ĀbolsValters ĀbolsBrother in-law00.00.1919
        17
        Andrejs LiepiņšGrandfather00.00.185000.00.1921
        18
        Jēkabs SkulmeGrandfather00.00.185800.00.1939
        19
        Karlīne Šarlote LiepiņaGrandmother00.00.186500.00.1957
        20
        Jūlija SkulmeGrandmother00.00.186805.09.1954
        21
        Tenis LūkinsGreat grandfather04.02.183827.11.1889
        22
        Jēkabs SkulmeGreat grandfather00.00.181700.00.1906
        23
        Marieta LūkinaGreat grandmother01.08.184122.02.1934
        24
        Ilārija LūkinaCousin00.00.193900.00.2004
        25Askolds HermanovskisAskolds HermanovskisCousin19.09.191218.08.1967
        26Vidvars HermanovskisVidvars HermanovskisCousin00.00.192200.11.1990
        27Gunārs HermanovskisGunārs HermanovskisCousin08.06.191404.01.1969
        28Valentīns SkulmeValentīns SkulmeCousin21.04.192212.09.1989
        29
        Ilona LūkinaCousin00.00.193528.06.1990
        30Egīls HermanovskisEgīls HermanovskisCousin13.03.191807.08.1992
        31
        Ināra SkulmeCousin30.01.194023.02.2021
        32Monika SkulmeMonika SkulmeCousin07.08.191919.03.1947
        33Jurgis SkulmeJurgis SkulmeCousin13.11.192825.02.2015
        34Skaidrīte DimitereSkaidrīte Dimiteredistant relative22.03.192016.02.2006
        35Yury  VlasovYury VlasovCoworker05.12.193513.02.2021
        36Viktors AvotiņšViktors AvotiņšCoworker12.12.194716.12.2023
        37
        Elza StalidzāneCoworker30.04.193314.04.2022
        38Jānis VagrisJānis VagrisCoworker17.10.193006.01.2023
        39Alberts BelsAlberts BelsCoworker06.10.193811.06.2024
        40Ausma  KantāneAusma KantāneCoworker10.11.194129.05.2022
        41Inese BirznieceInese BirznieceCoworker25.05.195127.10.2022
        42Rolands RikardsRolands RikardsCoworker15.12.194203.02.2022
        43Romanas  ApsitisRomanas ApsitisCoworker13.02.193917.02.2022
        44Laimdots MūrnieksLaimdots MūrnieksCoworker23.05.192202.06.2011
        45Ivars StrautiņšIvars StrautiņšFamiliar02.07.194212.11.2020
        46Vija  ArtmaneVija ArtmaneFamiliar21.08.192911.10.2008
        47Ilmārs BišersIlmārs BišersFamiliar01.11.193012.05.2011
        48Augusts VossAugusts VossFamiliar30.10.191910.02.1994
        49Imants DaudišsImants DaudišsFamiliar15.08.194514.04.2002
        50Andrejs CīrulisAndrejs CīrulisFamiliar18.10.194623.12.2019
        51Andrejs  ŽagarsAndrejs ŽagarsFamiliar16.10.195826.02.2019
        52Vladis GoldbergsVladis GoldbergsFamiliar07.09.195201.11.2023
        53
        Arvīds StalbeEmployee00.00.191100.00.1989
        54
        Ināra Edīte ŅefedovaIdea mate30.03.193006.01.2022

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