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Džemma Skulme

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Gimęs:
20.09.1925
Mires:
09.11.2019
Laidojimo data:
16.11.2019
Mergelė (kitas) šeimos:
Džemma Lija Skulme
Kategorijas:
, , Dailininkas, Deputatas, Komunistas, Menininkas, artistas, Parlamento narys, Politikas, Valstybės ir komunistų partijos lyderis, Visuomenės veikėjas
Pilietybė:
 latvis
Kapinės:
Cimetière de la Forêt (Riga)

Džemma Lija Skulme (Latvian: Džemma Lija Skulme; 20 September 1925 – 9 November 2019) was a Latvian artist and modernist painter, politician. Džemma Skulme's personality played a paramount role in Latvian art development and social life of Latvia in the second half of the 20th century.

Biography

Džemma Skulme came from the Skulme family of artists. She was the daughter of Latvian painter Oto Skulme (1889-1967) and Latvia's first woman sculptor Marta Liepiņa - Skulme (1890–1962).[2] Oto, Marta, and Džemma's uncle Uga Skulme were members of the Riga Artists Group who determined the development of art in Latvia in the 1930s.

In 1949 Džemma Skulme graduated from the Art Academy of Latvia pictorial art department and the 1955 Repin Art Institute. From 1956 she was an Artists’ Union of Latvia member and was its chair from 1982-1992. In 1976 she was given the honorary title of People's Artist of the Latvian SSR. Since 1993 she was the president of Jaunrades Foundation. In 1992 she was elected honorary member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, and received an honorary doctor degree from the Art Academy of Latvia in 1998. In recognition of her work, the Latvian Art Higher Education Institutions Association honoured her with the degree Dr. honoris causa for her contribution to Latvian culture.

Art

Džemma Skulme worked in oil, acrylic and water-colours. Since 1970s she has developed the theme of caryatid, where she reveals the ethical and spiritual strength of a woman (The Women of Nica, 1968; Caryatid, 1979, and others). She has turned also to rifleman theme, Latvian ethnography and the principles of folk art. In the painting of the second half of 1960s her worldview became more dramatic and she has raised the expressiveness of her work by using large brush or even palette knife for colour application. In pieces like Marta in Mask (1973), Valentīns Skulme as Richard III (1974), and Dialogue (1975) the artist depicts with spontaneous ease dramatic or heroic images full of life and spirit. In the middle of 1950s she became recognised also for her book and magazine illustrations.

During 1960s artist turns to author technique - combination of acrylic and oil colour thus creating interesting textures. Her painting during this time has become more conceptual. During latest decades Džemma is using naive stylistics of children drawings to create vivid and painterly virtuoso artworks. She has worked as assistant decorator in Daile Theatre and Latvia Puppet Theatre (1945-1947).

The Latvian art historian Laima Slava is accentuating the line as the discovery of 1960s in Džemma Skulme's creative work: “At first it is smooth and constructive and defines the shape of a character, then it becomes lighter and more transparent.”

Selected works

  • Summer, 1959, Latvian National Museum of Art
  • Folk Song, 1969, Latvian National Museum of Art
  • Macedonia motif, 1974, Latvian National Museum of Art

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions

Džemma Skulme participates in solo exhibitions since 1949: Riga (1968, 1985, 1992, 1994, 1995), Moscow (1969, 1984), Geneva (Switzerland), Milan (Italy, 1971), Vilnius (1976), Kale (France), Fredrikstadt (Norway, 1994, 1995), Cesis (1996), Kiev (Ukraine, 1997), Family of Skulmes exhibition in West Berlin (1981), Pitsburg (USA, 1986), Bergamo (Italy, 1987), Riga (1998 – 1999).

Skulm's family exhibitions

Organized family exhibitions in West Berlin (1981); Pittsburgh (USA, 1986); Bergamo (Italy, 1987) and Riga (1998-1999).

Group exhibitions

Her works have been presented at the exhibitions in New York (1989), Munich, Bonn, Pitsburg (USA, ‘’Women Between Times: New Nations; New Art’’, 1993).

Works

Her works can be viewed at the Latvian National Museum of Art, Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University (USA), Tretyakov Gallery (Russia).

Her works are also in private collections of individuals, including the president of Russia and the Queen of Denmark.

Dedication to the artist

In 1986, a documentary film "Džemma" was devoted to the artist at the Riga Film Studio. Its director - Laima Žurgina.

Šaltiniai: wikipedia.org, news.lv

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        Santykių vardasSantykių tipasGimęsMiresAprašymas
        1Otto SkulmeOtto SkulmeTėvas08.08.188922.03.1967
        2Marta SkulmeMarta SkulmeMotina13.05.189003.01.1962
        3Ojārs ĀbolsOjārs ĀbolsVyras25.07.192201.03.1983
        4Artūrs DimitersArtūrs DimitersVyras27.04.191501.11.1986
        5Haralds LūkinsHaralds LūkinsDėdė05.06.190608.02.1991
        6Kārlis SkulmeKārlis SkulmeDėdė00.00.188528.02.1928
        7Uga SkulmeUga SkulmeDėdė20.05.189506.11.1963
        8
        Regīna JēkabsoneTeta00.00.190201.10.1980
        9Marija KalniņaMarija KalniņaTeta27.07.188815.07.1984
        10
        Silvija ObovaTeta00.00.190300.00.1986
        11
        Atis SkulmeSūnėnas05.02.197221.06.2007
        12Gustavs  ĀbolsGustavs ĀbolsTėvas praktika00.00.1890
        13Marta ĀbolaMarta ĀbolaMama praktika00.00.188922.01.1963
        14Berta Ede UžāneBerta Ede UžāneMama praktika07.04.188405.06.1973
        15Edgars DimitersEdgars DimitersSvainis09.09.191823.03.2003
        16Valters ĀbolsValters ĀbolsSvainis00.00.1919
        17
        Jēkabs SkulmeSenelis00.00.185800.00.1939
        18
        Andrejs LiepiņšSenelis00.00.185000.00.1921
        19
        Karlīne Šarlote LiepiņaSenelė00.00.186500.00.1957
        20
        Jūlija SkulmeSenelė00.00.186805.09.1954
        21
        Jēkabs SkulmeProsenelis00.00.181700.00.1906
        22
        Tenis LūkinsProsenelis04.02.183827.11.1889
        23
        Marieta LūkinaDidžioji močiutė01.08.184122.02.1934
        24
        Ilona LūkinaPusbrolis00.00.193528.06.1990
        25Valentīns SkulmeValentīns SkulmePusbrolis21.04.192212.09.1989
        26Vidvars HermanovskisVidvars HermanovskisPusbrolis00.00.192200.11.1990
        27Monika SkulmeMonika SkulmePusbrolis07.08.191919.03.1947
        28Jurgis SkulmeJurgis SkulmePusbrolis13.11.192825.02.2015
        29Egīls HermanovskisEgīls HermanovskisPusbrolis13.03.191807.08.1992
        30
        Ilārija LūkinaPusbrolis00.00.193900.00.2004
        31
        Ināra SkulmePusbrolis30.01.194023.02.2021
        32Askolds HermanovskisAskolds HermanovskisPusbrolis19.09.191218.08.1967
        33Gunārs HermanovskisGunārs HermanovskisPusbrolis08.06.191404.01.1969
        34Skaidrīte DimitereSkaidrīte DimitereTolimas giminaitis22.03.192016.02.2006
        35Romanas  ApsitisRomanas ApsitisBendradarbis13.02.193917.02.2022
        36Jānis VagrisJānis VagrisBendradarbis17.10.193006.01.2023
        37
        Elza StalidzāneBendradarbis30.04.193314.04.2022
        38Jānis PetersJānis PetersBendradarbis, Grupės30.06.193927.01.2025
        39Inese BirznieceInese BirznieceBendradarbis25.05.195127.10.2022
        40Juri   WlassowJuri WlassowBendradarbis05.12.193513.02.2021
        41Alberts BelsAlberts BelsBendradarbis06.10.193811.06.2024
        42Laimdots MūrnieksLaimdots MūrnieksBendradarbis23.05.192202.06.2011
        43Indulis OzolsIndulis OzolsBendradarbis30.06.193320.02.2025
        44Rolands RikardsRolands RikardsBendradarbis15.12.194203.02.2022
        45Viktors AvotiņšViktors AvotiņšBendradarbis12.12.194716.12.2023
        46Ausma  Ziedone-KantāneAusma Ziedone-KantāneBendradarbis10.11.194129.05.2022
        47Vladis GoldbergsVladis Goldbergssusipažinęs07.09.195201.11.2023
        48Augusts VossAugusts Vosssusipažinęs30.10.191910.02.1994
        49Imants DaudišsImants Daudišssusipažinęs15.08.194514.04.2002
        50Ilmārs BišersIlmārs Bišerssusipažinęs01.11.193012.05.2011
        51Vija ArtmaneVija Artmanesusipažinęs21.08.192911.10.2008
        52Andrejs  ŽagarsAndrejs Žagarssusipažinęs16.10.195826.02.2019
        53Andrejs CīrulisAndrejs Cīrulissusipažinęs18.10.194623.12.2019
        54Valdis DišlersValdis Dišlerssusipažinęs13.04.192231.12.2011
        55Ivars StrautiņšIvars Strautiņšsusipažinęs02.07.194212.11.2020
        56Aija ZariņaAija Zariņasusipažinęs12.01.195421.07.2025
        57
        Arvīds StalbeDarbuotojas00.00.191100.00.1989
        58Ināra Edīte ŅefedovaInāra Edīte ŅefedovaGrupės30.03.193006.01.2022

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